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Learn & glossary for freight forwarders

Practical guides on logistics documents, customs, TMS selection, and AI automation — plus a glossary of terms that come up every day in the back office. Factual, no sales pitches.

Fundamentals & trade terms Shipping documents AI & technology Comparisons Regional guides Research & benchmarks Glossary (A–Z)

Fundamentals & trade terms 3 guides

The basics: who does what in a freight forwarder, the difference between forwarder and customs broker, and how Incoterms actually split cost, risk and customs responsibility.

Shipping documents 2 guides

The two documents every forwarder handles daily — the Bill of Lading for sea and the CMR waybill for road. Legal basis, mandatory fields, e-versions, and automated processing.

AI & technology 4 guides

How AI layers on top of existing TMS and customs systems, why OCR underperformed for 5 years, what AI changes for the customs broker role, and AI-assisted HS-code classification.

Comparisons 6 guides

Honest, side-by-side comparisons of Logentic against other AI vendors targeting freight forwarders and customs brokers. Features, scope, integrations, pricing model, and a decision matrix per use case.

Regional guides 4 guides

How freight forwarder operations and AI-adoption patterns differ across European sub-regions. Ports, customs systems, regulatory specifics and where Logentic fits per region.

Research & benchmarks 1 report

Field research across European and US forwarders on AI adoption, automation rates, and the mid-market gap.

Glossary — terms from the forwarder back office

Short definitions, each linked to the full explainer. Alphabetical.

AEO (Authorized Economic Operator)
Customs-approved trusted-trader status with reduced inspections and simplified procedures.
AI customs broker
AI applied to customs workflows: HS classification, sanctions screening, declaration drafting.
AI in TMS
AI agents layering on top of existing TMS (CargoWise, Softpak, Descartes) without migration.
AI vs OCR
Why template-based OCR kept failing on logistics docs and what changed with vision-LLMs.
B/L (Bill of Lading)
Sea-freight transport document with three functions: receipt, contract, title deed.
CMR waybill
Road-transport waybill under the 1956 CMR Convention. 24 mandatory fields.
CMR automation
Automated extraction and validation of CMR waybills using AI.
DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)
Incoterm where seller pays all transport costs and import duties to destination.
EORI number
Unique identifier for economic operators dealing with EU customs authorities.
eBL (electronic B/L)
Digital Bill of Lading with the same legal status as the paper original.
eCMR
Electronic CMR waybill. Legal status identical to paper original under the 2008 Protocol.
FCA (Free Carrier)
Preferred Incoterm for containers: risk transfers on handover to carrier.
HS code (Harmonised System)
Worldwide product classification for customs duties. 6-digit base, refined by country.
Incoterms 2020
ICC trade terms that split cost, risk and customs responsibility between buyer and seller.
Melding Vooraf (Pre-Notification)
Mandatory Portbase notification for collecting or delivering containers at Rotterdam/Amsterdam.
MRN (Movement Reference Number)
Unique reference issued on EU customs declarations (import or transit).
NCTS5
New version of the EU transit declaration system. Replaces NCTS4 since 2024.
NVOCC
Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier — a carrier without its own ships.
Portbase
Port Community System for Rotterdam and Amsterdam. 4,000+ logistics participants.
Portbase integration
Secure API connection to Portbase for real-time container events and Pre-Notification.
T1 (Transit)
Customs declaration for goods moving under customs supervision between EU offices.
TMS (Transport Management System)
Forwarder's core system for shipment planning and administration. E.g. CargoWise, Softpak, Descartes.

More guides coming: CBAM reporting for forwarders, DMS transition, and AEO audit readiness.

Want a specific guide first? Let us know.

AI automation for your forwarder back-office

Logentic reads booking emails, extracts data from B/Ls and CMRs, and writes into your existing TMS — without migration. Live in 4–6 weeks.

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